South Norfolk

Home energy performance

• There are 32,000 homes with an EPC rating lower than C, which therefore need improvement to meet the Government's home energy efficiency target for 2035 – which the EEIG recommends bringing forward to 2030.
  • South Norfolk ranks 293/573 England and Wales Constituencies for the share of homes (12,800) rated C. This is better than the UK average.
  • It ranks 125/573 for the share of homes (3,300) rated F or G (lower ranking is better). This is better than the UK average:

Home energy investment

• 32,000 homes below an EPC C rating means 3,200 need to be improved each year to meet the EPC C target for all homes by 2030.
• 2,147 households have received assistance with energy efficiency measures over the seven years of the Energy Company Obligation (ECO) to the end of 2019. That's 5.1% of households in South Norfolk, lower than the Great Britain average of 8.0%.
• In 2019, 41 households were supported by ECO with a total investment of £130,000.

• Getting all homes up to EPC C requires investment of £144.0 million by 2030 – £14.4 million per year.
• Alongside regulation of minimum energy efficiency standards for the rented sectors, Government should contribute around £47.1 million of this total (£4.7 million per year to 2030). Some of this will continue to come from the Energy Company Obligation. More may come from the Social Housing Decarbonisation Fund and Home Upgrade Grants promised in the 2019 manifesto, to address social housing and some of the 3,300 homes in South Norfolk rated EPC F or G (i.e. for households on low incomes).
• The remainder needs to come from able-to-pay homeowners incentivised by a step-change in government support for energy efficiency investment. Critically, this support is currently missing from existing policy and manifesto commitments.
• For example, varying the rate of Stamp Duty to take account of the EPC rating alongside the sale price could incentivise investment by homeowners and help to embed good energy performance in property values.
  • In South Norfolk over the last five years, the average number of residential property transactions subject to Stamp Duty was 2,400.
  • If the properties transacted reflect the Constituency-wide composition of EPC ratings, then 1,700 properties rated D or worse change hands each year and homeowners could – with a Stamp Duty incentive in place – be motivated to improve them.
  • This could therefore make a significant contribution to the 3,200 properties that need to be improved in South Norfolk each year to meet the EPC C target by 2030 – alongside rented sector regulation, a properly funded and locally led scheme (potentially Home Upgrade Grants), the ECO, and other incentives.

Wider impacts

• Getting all homes up to a good level of efficiency would save each household on average £270 per year on their energy bills at current energy prices. This would amount to £8.6 million per year across South Norfolk once all homes are improved.
• The number of economically active people in South Norfolk is 49,600, of whom 1,600 work in construction. 1,105 economically active people aren't employed. Energy efficiency investment could support employment of 246 people to 2030.
• The annual net gross value added from an energy efficiency infrastructure investment programme in South Norfolk would be £5.8 million. The present value of GVA over the duration of a programme to 2030 would be £48.2 million.
• Other benefits not quantified here include increased tax revenues, the avoided (including hidden) costs of unemployment, more spending power, and the latter's impact on the South Norfolk's economy.

Fuel poverty and excess winter mortality

• 4,900 households are in fuel poverty: 10.9%, lower than England's average level of 11.1%. This ranks it 350 out of 533 English Constituencies (higher rank is better).
• There were 20 excess winter deaths in 2016/17, of which:
  • 6 can be attributed to cold housing conditions
  • 4 can be linked to the coldest 25% of homes in South Norfolk
  • 2 can be directly attributed to fuel poverty
• In 2016/17, there were 5.5% more deaths in winter compared to the non-winter period.
  • The vulnerability of South Norfolk to excess winter mortality ranked 549 out of 561 (lower is worse) Constituencies for which data are available.